Cyber-Operationer: September 2020

Wednesday, September 30, 2020

Mechatronics Degree Requirements

Mechatronic engineers require at least a Bachelor’s degree, whereby most of these professionals have completed undergraduate studies in mechanical engineering. The field, though, transcends this traditional discipline into a variety of fields of study such as electronics, decision-making theories, and information technology, among others. With a Master’s degree in mechatronic engineering, an individual has the credentials to assume management and more advanced research posts. Graduate programs often feature traditional classroom instruction with practical industry experience. Coursework traditionally explore practices in automation theory, methodology, and analysis. An example mechatronic engineering class at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), for example, instructs the design of mechatronic systems which integrate mechanical, electrical, and control systems engineering. For those seeking a less rigorous option of entering the field, an associate's degree in mechatronics can be attained at a community college or technical institution. These 2-year degree programs equip candidates with the skills to assume entry-level positions, whereby they troubleshoot maintenance processes. Classroom instruction typically entails course work in robotic design as well as training in engineering drawing.

Students of mechatronics have gone on to develop many of the “smart” devices that have transformed a medley of industries around the world. From robots and anti-lock brakes to photocopiers and computer drives, mechatronics professionals are changing the way people work and live, according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The technology is also found in humidity sensitive clothes dryers and windshield wipers as well as in healthcare, agriculture, construction, entertainment, automobiles, and tools for the disabled and elderly communities. These technological innovations reflect the dedication these professionals have to becoming life-long learners. With a bevy of associations, professional organizations, societies and resources likes the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE), the Technology Student Association (TSA), and the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), among others, students and seasoned professionals have seamless access to the knowledge and resources necessary to bolster their education and skills as the industry evolves over time. Organizations such as these also provide mentoring and networking opportunities that have the potential to enhance the prowess of an individual seeking transformative career opportunities and guidance as well as for institutions seeking to attract and nurture talent to their efforts. In addition, esteemed institutions such as MIT offer free online course programs for students and professionals through its Open Course Ware initiative.

Monday, September 28, 2020

Environmental Engineer Education Requirements

Environmental engineers are most concerned with the effects of technological advances on the environment. Hazardous-waste treatment is a significant issue needing regulation which these engineers can design and help implement through laboratory and legal avenues.

Worldwide issues in the environmental engineer's expertise include everything from farm runoff to ozone depletion, and all of the water sources in between. Today's engineers often further their education with specialized training in law and use legal paths to access routes to improvement. The study and practice of environmental engineering is as broad as the elements that make up the Earth.

Schools of engineering can vary in their requirements but are also quite similar. Typically, a university offers the CEE (civil and environmental engineering) degree, and a B.S. in environmental engineering (BS EnvE). The curriculum provides students with the fundamentals to address emerging issues with air and land resources, human health, water, and environmental restoration. All prerequisites must be satisfied before graduating with a B.S. The B.S. EnvE degree requires acceptable letter grades in math, physics, chemistry, and COE.

Students seeking specialized graduate degrees in environmental engineering have four basic choices. Those wanting a career that does not require research can get a master of engineering (M.Eng.) degree. For a master of science (M.S.), students must complete a thesis research project showing their increased knowledge. The Ph.D. degree (doctor of philosophy) is awarded for expertise in research, and the D.Eng. (doctor of engineering) degree awards combined technical expertise with management skills.

There are online schools for B.S. degrees in engineering, but they are not reviewed here. The many laboratory components of engineering studies may not be available online; careful attention should be given to selecting an institution.

Friday, September 25, 2020

Computer Engineering Education Requirements

Computer Engineering degrees are available at all education levels: undergraduate, master’s and doctorate (PhD). Most undergraduate Computer Engineering programs allow you to specialize along one of several tracks because the entire career field is simply too broad to cover in an undergraduate program.

As you progress in your Computer Engineering career, you’ll be able to study increasingly complex topics in hardware and software systems. Occupying the top tier of Computer Engineering jobs are professionals with vast experience designing the overall system to control things like a passenger airliner, the International Space Station, or a nuclear power plant.

Computer Engineering requires a combination of skills from other engineering disciplines, and most colleges will require the same courses as prerequisites for their degrees. You’ll likely study mathematics up through Calculus, basic software programming, physics and electronic or electrical engineering basics.

Once your prerequisite courses are completed, you start the heart of the curriculum in Computer Engineering. In your upper level courses, you’ll learn how computer-controlled systems are designed from the bottom up. Microprocessor design, firmware creation and circuit boards are just a few of the topics you’ll study. The creation of a single computer is just the beginning. Advanced courses in Computer Engineering teach the techniques for integrating large numbers of computers into complex networks capable of solving massive computational problems.

There are many delivery methods for studying Computer Engineering. There are over 150 universities that offer an undergraduate program, and most top-tier state and private colleges offer Master’s and PhD programs also. You might also pursue a Computer Engineering degree with any of the reputable online colleges.

Thursday, September 24, 2020

Types of Degrees in Civil Engineering

Universities specializing in engineering fields offer master of science, master of engineering, and doctor of philosophy degrees in civil engineering as well as other branches of engineering technology. A well-rounded civil engineering program prepares students for careers in civil engineering or for advanced study in the

Schools of engineering can vary, but as a rule their requirements are similar. Universities of engineering typically offer the CEE (civil and environmental engineering) degree, and a B.S. in environmental engineering (BS EnvE). The curriculum gives students the fundamentals to address emerging issues regarding air and land resources, human health, water, and environmental restoration.

During the first 2 years, studies include English composition, physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and introductory engineering. Advanced engineering courses in the third year including solid and fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and laboratories in engineering materials, hydraulic engineering, and environmental monitoring and process engineering.

All prerequisites must be met before receiving a B.S. Acceptable letter grades in math, physics, chemistry, and COE are required for the B.S. EnvE degree.

Wednesday, September 23, 2020

Automotive Engineering Education

Engineering students should choose a college or university that is recognized by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). In evaluating an automotive engineer job applicant, some employers consider the reputation of the engineering school that the undergraduate attended more than any other factor. However, most employers focus more on the undergraduate's grades and amount of his or her hands-on experience. Consequently, any college or university that promotes national design and racing competitions in which the student gains hands-on experience would be a good choice. Students should also look for internships or other opportunities that will force them to apply coursework to real-life situations. Over time, the school will not be as important as the experience and skills the engineering the undergraduate offers.

Bachelor’s Degree

Because not many schools offer a bachelor’s degree program in automotive engineering, most aspiring automotive students enter a mechanical engineering program. This is because automotive engineering is an offshoot of mechanical engineering and therefore, many of the classes are the same. However, some schools offer mechanical engineering programs that include automotive engineering courses such as:

Automobile dynamics
Automotive electronics
Engine parts
Diesel engine theory
Alternative energy sources
Fuel cell systems
Powertrain dynamics

Tuesday, September 22, 2020

Acoustic Engineering Degree Requirements

These types of professionals may be asked to perform a variety of duties based on the industry they choose to employ their skills and knowledge. In the construction industry, engineers may execute sound and environmental evaluations on a building to ensure it meets codes and regulations. They may examine how alterations in the design of a structure may impact sound quality. In an industrial setting, these professionals utilize digital hardware and software to determine means for lessening sound disruptions in a work facility, while inquiring into how vibrations impact factory equipment or transportation structures such as a bridge or automobile. In the entertainment sphere, these professionals often work to optimize sound quality in recording studios and in live performance venues, evaluating how structures, materials and digital equipment and software enhance sound quality. Often, bioengineering firms seek these professionals to address how ultrasound and other forms of technology provide the best treatment options for patients under a medical professional’s care. Firms across the world like Sony, LA Live, the NFL, Bose, and Honda are a few of the huge companies seeking the services of these acoustic experts.

Not many U.S. universities offer official degrees in acoustic studies, so most professionals complete a Bachelor’s Degree in electrical engineering or a comparable course of study. Most employers do require at least a Bachelor’s as a minimum qualification for entry into the workforce. Many students integrate related acoustic theory courses into their degrees by taking classes in statics, circuits, thermodynamics, sound control, and vibrations, among others. A Master’s Degree may be required to qualify for some positions with a given company. At this level, students complete classes in wave propagation, optics and nonlinear acoustics. The Ph.D. level opens further management opportunities in the field, whereby students will have completed a rigorous academic training rooted in statistical analysis. This level of training opens the door to teaching at universities as well. With an eye to business, students should seek to refine their interpersonal and communication skills as well as their leadership capacities in managing a team of engineers and professionals. They may be asked to negotiate and consult with outside suppliers in managing the lifecycle of a development project.

Monday, September 21, 2020

Agricultural Engineering Educational Requirements

Typical of all B.S. degrees, agricultural engineering studies begin with English, math, political science, chemistry, humanities, economics and other basics. Gradually, students are introduced to their majors, and this one begins in the freshman year with an introduction to agricultural systems management. Agriculture courses that follow can include:

Farm Tractors and Power Units
Systems Analysis in Agriculture
Operations Research and Systems Theory
Agricultural Machinery Management
Food Process Engineering Technology
Agri-Industrial Applications of Electricity
Water and Soil Management
Technology for Environmental and Natural Resource Engineering
Occupational Safety Management
Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products
Spatial Technology for Precision Agriculture
Management of Agricultural Systems
Geographic Information Systems for Resource Management
Advanced GIS Analysis for Natural Resource Management
Agricultural Electronics and Control
IT for Agricultural Systems

Friday, September 18, 2020

Real-Life Work Nature of an Applied Engineer

As a project engineer for Applied Engineering, Mike Jamieson daily exhibits the range of skills a practitioner in the field must master to excel. He interfaces with internal and external team members and associates in-person and over e-mail every morning. He then focusses on business activities such as speaking with various suppliers on product inventory, consulting with clients on budget requirements and researching options on the internet. In the afternoon, he often leaves the office to visit clients and ongoing projects. He enjoys the opportunity to get out of the office and into the field to interact live with people.

For example, on one project he consulted with one of the managers on an HVAC system for a residential structure, specifically the ductwork and air flow systems. Later in the afternoon, he returns to the office to revisit projects he initially tacked in the morning. He may attend more meetings to deliver presentations on status or negotiate with suppliers to acquire the best pricing for a client project. Demonstrating his commitment to continuous education, Jamieson in the evenings attends functions featuring industry thought leaders who make presentations on recent development in technology and best practices. In the past he attended a dinner featuring a presentation by a professor at Purdue University who presented a talk on refrigeration concepts and developing compressor innovations. Ultimately, each day presents him with a range of challenges and learning experiences that enrich him.

Thursday, September 17, 2020

Bachelor of Science Degree in Aerospace Engineering

There are small number of schools that offer associate degrees in aerospace engineering, but they usually reserve those degrees for engineers who have degrees in related fields, such as mechanical, electrical or computer engineering. Generally, the aerospace industry prefers job seekers with four-year Bachelor of Science degrees.

There are only a handful of universities accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology in the United States that offer aerospace engineering degrees. Aerospace engineers take two years of calculus, differential equations, physics and chemistry and two years of engineering coursework. Aerospace engineering students can expect to see the following engineering courses in their university's curriculum:

In terms of career choices, the aerospace field is projected to grow 5% between 2010-2020 according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Aerospace engineering majors can choose variety of career paths, including positions in scientific research, engineering design and development, field service, management, marketing, software development and teaching.

The two main branches of aerospace engineering degrees are aeronautics and astronautics. Some universities have curriculum's that embrace both areas, while others separate the two fields and offer degree programs in either aeronautics or astronautics. Aerospace engineering majors should be prepared to engage in a significant amount of actual design and implementation in addition to coursework. In addition, students should seriously consider learning Russian, Japanese or German because many people of these nationalities are deeply involved in the development of spacecraft components.

Wednesday, September 16, 2020

Applied Thermal Engineering Degrees

A range of private enterprises actively seek to add thermal engineers to their organizations. From technology firms and automotive companies to utility power firms, the skills of a thermal engineer are sought to deliver efficient solutions to energy problems. Specifically these companies integrate engineers into projects such as refining power converters and circuit breakers; overseeing thermal design projects including analysis and manufacturing integrity; collaborating with manufacturing groups and vendors internally and externally to manage a product development cycle; and analyzing risks and opportunities with a given product or system. Traditionally, these professionals are required to travel to various locations for in-person consultations and evaluations of a facility or project. More senior professionals who assume management roles are required to recruit and manage teams of engineers in bringing to fruition a project within a designated corporate budget. Communication and people skills, of course, are a vital asset for professionals in this capacity. Global corporations such as Google, General Motors, Duke Energy, and Apple are a few of the firms seeking thermal engineers of various backgrounds to lead and execute their industry initiatives.

Though most universities in the United States do not offer formal degrees in thermal engineering, most candidates find employment with a Bachelor’s Degree in mechanical engineering. This level of education is required by employers in the industry. In this course of study, students complete coursework in thermodynamics, computer science and kinetics. Those students who elect to pursue more advanced study in the field at the Master’s and Ph.D. level access career opportunities in advanced research, design and quality control. Coursework at the Master’s level explore theory in heat transfer and mechanics rooted in computer modeling and smart materials that respond to temperature change. Doctoral students embark upon classwork in granular flows, electronics architecture, data storage solutions, as well as material innovation, whereby they assume titled roles like consultant analyst, heat engineer and quality assurance manager. These highly trained professionals are actively recruited by federal organizations like the U.S. Department of Energy and the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency in order to teach both graduate and undergraduate students at esteemed universities around the world. Candidates are served by also developing broader skills in terms of written and oral communication, leadership, negotiating, multitasking as well as team-building and management capacities.

Tuesday, September 15, 2020

Networking and Career Outlook for Thermal Engineers

Thermal engineering professionals have access to a medley of organizations and associates to bolster their careers. From the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), which features a library of resources for present and future practitioners, to the Technology Student Association (TSA), and the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE), students and seasoned thermal engineers access information and soil-building resources to buttress their daily learning. They specifically learn of the constantly evolving developments in technology and best practices that are transforming the industry. In addition, updates are provided on events, news and congresses within the field that endeavor to unite and strengthen the community. Young engineers have access to mentoring and networking opportunities that will facilitate their entry and rise into the profession. Moreover, prospective job candidates have access to recruiters from prestigious global firms like Intel, Sony and ConEd. As stated by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the job prospects for thermal engineers are predicted to continue to grow by 9 percent through 2020. The U.S. states of California and Texas are geographic locales featuring the most opportunities for these professionals. According to compensation statistics at O*Net salary data, these engineers earned a median salary of $82,100.

Thermal engineers have been instrumental in changing the way people find and use energy throughout the world as well as in pushing space exploration into new realms. Most people think of Google as an Internet search engine company, but the firm has expanded its resources into creating better energy solutions for the planet. The firm actively recruits thermal engineers to work on its project for developing clean and affordable power grids. Their Energy Access team endeavors to recruit and nurture engineers to its efforts, underscoring its conviction in its identity as an engineering firm.

Friday, September 11, 2020

Requirements for Molecular Engineers

A Bachelor’s Degree is mandated by companies seeking to offer jobs to aspiring candidates in the field. Colleges and universities throughout the United States offer programs in bimolecular engineering and the related chemical engineering. Candidates are encouraged to expose themselves to broad subjects in math and science, including but not limited to mechanics, thermodynamics and chemistry. Job applicants with more advanced credentials such as a Master’s Degree or Ph.D. have a greater potential to assume senior management positions with a company as well as teach university students. At this level, students complete coursework in advanced bioenergy, fuel cells and polymers. Those candidates more interested in the commercial side of the industry should refine their business acumen, particularly their negotiating skills, leadership qualities and written and oral communication capacities, as they will be responsible for managing teams, making presentations and acquiring assets.

The field is particularly important for scientific materials research and pharmaceuticals, as it is employed as a sophisticated form of chemical engineering. A potential application of molecular engineering would include a minute device that navigates seamlessly through a human body eradicating cancerous cells thereby precluding them from spreading. Duties of professional in the field may well include using statistics and computer models to predict molecular manipulation outcomes; employ business acumen in marketing applications; demonstrate leadership capabilities in managing a team of engineers and researchers; as well as manage the entire life cycle of product development.

Thursday, September 10, 2020

Employer Requirements for Nanoengineers

Employers require these professionals to have completed at least a Bachelor’s Degree in nanoengineering or chemical engineering to assume a job in the industry. Undergraduate students explore coursework that prepares them for making contributions in the fields of medicine, energy and environmental applications, among others. Students take classes that integrate a medley of math, science and engineering courses that prepare them for the versatile field. Acquiring a Master’s Degree or Ph.D. in the field may be required to qualify for some executive positions with a given company. Advanced education also enables these professionals to undertake teaching roles at universities. For those seeking business-based positions, a candidate should focus on developing leadership and management skills, as they will be asked to spearhead a team of engineers. In addition, they will be asked to communicate and negotiate with suppliers. In this setting, superb oral and written communication skills will prove essential.

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers has organized conferences to expand the discourse and awareness around the field of nanoengineering. In addition, they provide a digital library of resources, including publications, news, and best practices in the field that are vital to practitioners in the industry.

Though the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) does not provide exact data on job prospects for nano engineers, chemical engineers, a comparable field, expect to see job growth prospects of 6 percent through 2020. The states of California, Texas, New York, Illinois and Michigan feature the most bountiful opportunities for professionals. While exact statistics on the median salary of these professionals is unavailable, O*Net reports that chemical engineers of the same background command a yearly salary of $95, 730.

Wednesday, September 9, 2020

Mining Engineering Education Requirements

Requiring a minimum of a bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university, the licensing requirements for geological and mining engineering vary by state. Specific degree programs for aspiring geological and mine engineers include Geology, Geophysics, Geological Engineering, Mining Engineering, Mineral Preparation Engineering and Social Geology, among many others, and range from undergraduate Bachelors programs to advanced graduate and post-graduate programs. In addition to materials mining and extraction, additional studies and industry focuses include ecological impact research, which measures broader environmental and ecological effects of mining operations, social geological impact research which focuses on both the sociological hazards and benefits to geological or mining efforts and discovery-oriented exploration, studying geological formations below the Earth’s surface so as to refine the broader understanding of the planet’s composition. Regulated by the Mine Safety and Health Administration the field of geological and mine engineering is one with an intense focus on hazard awareness and occupational safety.

As with any dynamic and engaging field of study, the geological, mineral and mining industries and sciences, the training and education continue well after one has earned their degree. With numerous trade associations, professional networks and academic research societies, such as the American Institute of Professional Geology American Rock Mechanics Association and Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists the field of geological and mine engineering is one of a continually evolving nature, with regular conferences and training programs designed to keep geological professionals on the cutting edge of their chosen pursuits. Combining age old techniques in respect to surveying, exploration and extraction, new technologies continue to emerge in the field, bringing new and exciting methods of research and exploratory prospecting into the hands of professionals and students every year. And as these new technologies and discoveries continue to change the professional landscape for those entering the engineering fields of geology or mining, the increasing demands for raw and precious materials by industry and the public at large have led to an increased demand for well educated, qualified professionals to enter the fields.

Tuesday, September 8, 2020

Mechatronics Engineering Education Requirements

Monday, September 7, 2020

Mechanical Engineering Career

Mechanical engineering is the broadest of the engineering disciplines. This field focuses on two major topics: thermal systems and mechanical systems. As a result, the mechanical engineering curriculum overlaps many other engineering fields, including aerospace, biomedical, chemical, civil, electrical, industrial, materials, and metallurgical and petroleum.

A mechanical engineer can work in industries such as aerospace, automobile, combustion engines, and fuels, fluid machinery, manufacturing and construction, and building sciences. A postgraduate of mechanical engineering has a host of career opportunities in other fields, such as law, business, and medicine. A lawyer with a mechanical engineering degree can have a very lucrative career in patent or product liability law.

Employment opportunities in management are more available for a mechanical engineer who has a master's degree in engineering or business administration. Additionally, mechanical engineers with a postgraduate degree in biomedical engineering might work for private medical companies or hospitals developing hip replacements, prosthetics, robotic surgical equipment or diagnostic and treatment equipment.

Friday, September 4, 2020

The Main Focus of an Environmental Engineer

Engineers are the world's lifeline to everything that defines our civilization, not unlike the Romans with their aqueducts, toilets, and sewer systems. Environmental engineering is a critical career field that helps keep our planet inhabitable and sustainable.

If you are considering embarking on a career dedicated to environmental engineering, there are many facets of your education that will come into play, and the more you know now, the better engineer you will be.

Your role as an environmental engineer will involve providing safe and plentiful water supplies, developing systems for reducing pollutants in air, water and hazardous wastes; anticipating the effects of contaminants' transport, and correcting improper disposal situations where hazardous materials are concerned.

As an environmental engineer, you will seek solutions to public health threats, improvements in and adherence to the law surrounding sanitation and construction, waste disposal, recycling, industrial hygiene, and environmental sustainability.

Thursday, September 3, 2020

Master's Degrees in Electrical Engineering

Some B.S. graduates seek postgraduate degrees such as master's (M.Eng./M.Sc.) or doctorate degrees (Ph.D./Eng.D.) in engineering. B.S. and master's degrees consist largely of coursework and research. Doctorate degrees focus mainly on research and often open doors to university research and teaching. Universities with strong engineering departments offer graduate degrees and specialized certificates as well as teaching and research opportunities.

As with other engineering degrees, the bachelor's degree is based on laboratory and fieldwork not possible online. There is online access to master's degrees at some schools. Arizona State University's MSE in electrical engineering offers online studies in solid-state electronics, power electronics, mixed-signal integrated circuit design, communications, and signal processing. Online master's-level courses are also available from several other schools of engineering.

Electrical engineers find work in the laboratories of fabrication plants, in corporate consulting offices, or onsite at mines. They may supervise scientists, electricians, computer programmers, or other engineers.

Wednesday, September 2, 2020

Jobs You Can Get with a Biomedical Engineering Degree

Biomedical engineers design prosthetic limbs, artificial organs, and regenerate tissue. They create drugs and pharmaceuticals, collect and analyze biological data, and design life-saving equipment. They work with universities, hospitals, labs, government, industry, and regulatory agencies.

They work with doctors and patients seeking solutions to physical as well as physiological problems. It is important to incorporate into their own specialties any changes in related fields, so engineers scramble to stay abreast as technology rapidly evolves.

Universities teaching advanced levels of biomedical engineering commonly offer post-doctorate and research career opportunities. For example here is a list of research opportunities available through Florida A&M University:

Tissue Engineering for Bone and Cartilage Replacement
Advanced Polymeric Materials Characterization and Rheology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cells, Tissues, and Organisms
Plasma Reaction Engineering for Pollution Control and Disinfection
Biomass Conversion to Energy by Enzymatic/Catalytic/Thermal/Plasma Methods
Advanced Computational Methods in Materials, Catalysis, and Transport
Solid State Materials Synthesis and Characterization

Tuesday, September 1, 2020

Automotive Engineering Degree

Automotive engineering is a branch of mechanical engineering that concerns the design, development and manufacture of cars, trucks, motorcycles and other motor vehicles. Automotive engineers also design and test the many subsystems or components that comprise a motorized vehicle.

Very few universities offer a bachelor's degree in automotive engineering. Consequently, many prospective automotive engineers earn a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from a university that also offers specialized courses in automotive engineering. However, there are plenty of universities offer master's degrees in automotive engineering.

High school students aspiring to become automotive engineers should develop a solid foundation in algebra, geometry, trigonometry and pre-calculus, physics and chemistry. These subjects are central to understanding the core concepts of any engineering discipline. Automotive engineering students need effective oral and written communications skills. Therefore, high school students should strive to do well in language arts classes, such as writing and speech. High school students should take available advanced placement or college classes to help prepare them for university engineering coursework and get a head start on building college credits.